Weed resistance to different herbicide modes of action is driven by agricultural intensification
نویسندگان
چکیده
The continued increase in numbers of herbicide-resistant weed species field crops constrains sustainable agricultural practices worldwide. Countries differ markedly yet the extent this reflects global variation intensification is not known. To what does number herbicide resistant weeds reflect differences magnitude direct measures such as agrochemical inputs, indirect per capita GDP, or non-agronomic factors research intensity? Best-subset regression analysis quantified whether national scale estimates cropland area, well inputs N-fertilizer and explained publications addressing herbicides was used a proxy for sampling effort, while time since first record resistance estimated window opportunity to become resistant. Analyses were undertaken across all separately four modes action (ACCase, ALS, PSII EPSPS inhibitors). Over 70% by GDP effort recorded. explanatory ability models individual ranged from 40% (ACCase inhibitors) 68% (PSII inhibitors), with most consistent variables. Agricultural intensification, captured associated increased worldwide but limited expertise many countries means problem underestimated. depended on how long had been observed suggesting will future, especially different more widely used. Many that have only recently recorded are already trajectory future increases capability address problem. Implementation integrated management strategies reduce risk evolving should therefore be implemented proactively before gets worse rather than reactively has occurred other countries.
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Field Crops Research
سال: 2023
ISSN: ['0378-4290', '1872-6852']
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2023.108819